Tag
#commissioning
8 topics across all disciplines.
Inspection and quality control — ITPs, hold points and NCRs
How work gets inspected and accepted on an EPC project. What an inspection and test plan is, the difference between a hold point and a witness point, what a non-conformance report does, and why the disposition is an engineering decision rather than an inspector's.
From isometric to installed line — fabrication, erection and testing
How to read a piping isometric, why spool breaks decide what happens in the shop and what happens at height, and the test and reinstatement sequence that gets a line handed over.
Pumps — head, NPSH and why cavitation is a suction problem
Centrifugal versus positive displacement, what a pump curve tells you, why NPSH decides whether a pump survives, and why most pump failures are really piping failures.
Switchgear, transformers and protection testing
Why secondary injection proves the relay and primary injection proves everything else, what a reversed CT does to differential and directional protection, why an open CT secondary is dangerous, what breaker timing feeds into, and why phase rotation is checked before anything is paralleled.
Electrical commissioning and turnover — from dead to live
Why insulation testing needs electronic devices disconnected and readings corrected for temperature, what a functional test proves that a settings check cannot, why an inhibit register exists, why as-left settings are recorded, and what changes the moment a system is energised.
Control loops and PID — what the three terms actually do
How a feedback loop works, what proportional, integral and derivative each respond to, why controller action is the error that breaks loops completely, and how to tell a tuning problem from a valve problem.
Instrument installation and loop checking — where most readings go wrong
Hook-up drawings, why impulse lines must slope the right way, what a manifold is for, and the commissioning sequence that catches problems before the plant does.
Calibration and accuracy — what a certificate actually proves
The difference between ranging a smart transmitter and calibrating it, why as-found readings matter more than as-left ones, what turndown does to accuracy, how hysteresis hides from a one-direction check, and why traceability is what turns a number into evidence.